N Anyadike, Demand for biofuels surges despite feedback concerns, New Energy World, May 2023, p 16

In the diesel fuel world, the demand for biofuels is expected to surge in the next five years from 4.3% to 5.4% globally, here the dominant use of palm oils is being phased out and replaced by animal and other vegetable oils In US, the EPA estimates that biodiesel emits 11% lower CO, and 10% lower particulate matter than the petroleum-based conventional fuel. It also handles more safely with a lower flash point. However, it provides slightly less power, and degrades rubber seals. Nevertheless, the oil majors remain focused on hydrogen.