3-D seismic interpretation

3-D seismic data have become the key tool used in the oil and gas industry to understand the subsurface. The aim of this book is to help geophysicists and geologists new to the technique to interpret 3-D data while avoiding common pitfalls. Topics covered include basic structural interpretation and map-making; the use of 3-D visualisation methods; interpretation of seismic amplitudes, including their relation to rock and fluid properties; and the generation and use of AVO and acoustic impedance datasets. Also included is the increasingly important field of time-lapse seismic mapping, which allows the interpreter to trace the movement of fluids within the reservoir during production. The acquisition and processing of 3-D seismic data is also discussed. Extensive mathematics has been avoided, but enough detail is included on the effects of changing rock and fluid properties to allow readers to make their own calculations.